Psychiatric Bulletin (2004) 28: 149. doi: 10.1192/pb.28.4.149-a
© 2004 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
Psychiatric Bulletin (2004) 28: 149
© 2004 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
Human rights and mental health services
Peter Lepping, MRCPsych, MSc
Cherrybank Resource Centre, 85 Wellington Road, Ellesmere Port CH65
0BY.
Correspondence:
E-mail:
lepping{at}onetel.net.uk
Dr Fareed Bashir (Psychiatric Bulletin correspondence, December 2003,
27, 463) is absolutely right in mentioning the influence that the
European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) had on the Mental Health Act 1983,
long before its implementation into English law in 1998 (Human Rights Act
1998). In my article on Consent in medicine (Psychiatric Bulletin, August
2003, 27, 285-289) I specifically mention the fact that the content of
the ECHR was de facto accepted in Britain since the 1950s. Contrary to Dr
Bashirs suggestion, I never expected that the implementation of the
Human Rights Act 1998 was a sea-change or would dramatically improve the
treatment of psychiatric patients. On the contrary, I pointed out how few
practical changes are going to result from the Act in the short term. There
is, however, the potential that human rights may be more actively considered
in advance in future legislation. The changes the government made to the Green
Paper on the new Mental Health Act confirm this, because they were clearly
designed to make the Act compatible with the Human Rights Act 1998 (although
many would doubt that they have). Furthermore, the case of Hercegfalvy
v. Austria states that any beneficial treatment cannot amount to
torture and therefore does not breach article 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998.
This was specifically targeted with electroconvulsive therapy in mind. The
fact that Mr Hercegfalvy was strapped to a bed for his own security may appear
undesirable to us in Britain, but restraint is the tradition in most European
countries. They find our use of control and restraint with enforced medication
equally undesirable.
The case of HM v. Switzerland is no doubt interesting, but it
should not be forgotten that all European countries work with coded law, which
renders precedence much less important than it is here. It would be premature
to anticipate how the English High Court would decide a similar case in the
UK.